Problems of Protection of Women’s Right to Labor

Abstract

The article examines the problems of women’s labor rights. The author emphasizes that, taking into account the physiological characteristics of the woman’s body, the interests of maternity and childhood protection, Ukraine establishes special norms concerning women’s labor protection and health. However, in practice these guarantees are neglected. Insufficient protection is associated with objective (difficult economic situation, intensification of production, declining spirituality and culture of the population) and subjective (wrong attitude to women’s interests, misunderstanding of social equality of both sexes, the specifics of the female body, the role of women in the family , raising children, etc.) reasons. Women are involved in night shifts, hard physical work, overtime work, work in unhealthy conditions; no additional social leave is provided to mothers, they are not exempted from business trips on the grounds provided by law. There is no activity in labor collectives to identify women who need reduced working hours, flexible work schedules. Cases of unequal pay remain unresolved. Legislation is mentioned, which often has no practical implementation. Changes to the pension provision that worsen the situation of employees are analyzed. The purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of legislative regulation and practice of exercising women’s right to labor. Tasks: to characterize the trends in the implementation of guarantees of women’s right to work, gaps in the implementation practice and the causes of such phenomena. The research methodology is epistemological and ontological approaches to the subject of analysis. The scientific novelty is as follows: the doctrine of women’s rights in modern society and the state has received further scientific development; the theoretical material on guarantees of realization of the right of women to labor was improved; attention is focused on the analysis of the effectiveness of legislation in the outlined area; the need to influence the law-making activity of public authorities, institutions of society of the new gender ideology is emphasized. Conclusions. Women are involved in socio-economic and ideological confrontation, in which they appear as the most vulnerable community. There is a gradual deformation of their legal status. The education of new relations between the sexes will be able to harmoniously combine the factual and legal rights of women.

Keywords: women’s rights and freedoms; legal status; legal regulation; gender equality; pension provision.