Trace Picture of Crimes Related to Production of Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and Analogues
Abstract
Article presents overview of aspects related to «trace picture» of crimes related to production of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and analogues. In general crime trace picture is very important and is an essential element of crime criminalistic characteristics as it is applied in practice being a primary factor affecting the selection of methodology for crime investigation. Study and examination of traces allows to define the way and mechanism of crime commission, its concealment, perpetratorʼs identity (including organized crime groupings), means of crime commission, circumstances of crime, reveal the false testimony given by witness or perpetrator along with detection of concealed material evidence. Typical «trace pictures» of crimes related to production of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and analogues are classified into groups by manufacturing traces; traces of consumption; traces of intoxication and drug effects on human body. Traditionally forensic experts distinguish two types of crime traces: material (substances) and ultimate (memory traces). Маterial traces of crimes related to production of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and analogues can be found on body, apparel and items belonging to manufacturers and consumers of drugs including visitors; on body, apparel and items belonging to suspects (nest hosts and managers), in premises, provided for drug consumption (nests). Ultimate traces of the abovementioned crimes may be detected in memory of witnesses or persons related to the crime commission. These traces are extracted during the investigative actions. Operative units detect locations of drug production by general functioning features: concentration of specific odors (acetone, ammonia, chloroform, gasoline etc) and presence of precursors, reagents, solvents and equipment; relatively low price of drugs in specific location comparing to prices in neighboring locations; functioning ventilation and air conditioning systems (special attention is paid to cold season); overconsumption of electricity, water, gas by residents; receipt of packages (extra weight and multiple number of standard ones; special orders for books in libraries; multiple orders for pharmaceuticals and chemicals delivery along with lab equipment (this data can be received from producers, suppliers, wholesale traders etc), reagents, solvents, equipment for pills and ampoules production.
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