Correction and Resocialization of Sentences to Deprivation of Liberty in the System of Means of Execution of Tasks of Criminal-Executive Legislation

Abstract

Any sphere of legal regulation, in particular, the execution of criminal penalties, is necessarily based on fundamental constitutional principles, which are the basis for the development of relationships between the rule of law and the individual. These include such principles as: inseparability, inviolability and inviolability of the rights and freedoms of the individual; the rule of law; mutual responsibility of the state and the individual; limited and subordinate state power; strict obedience to the law in the activities of all state bodies and officials. Nowadays, the problems of observance of the rights and legitimate interests of citizens who find themselves in places of imprisonment are very acute. The purpose of the article there is a definition of the features of the correction and resocialization of prisoners sentenced to imprisonment in the system of means of fulfilling the tasks of criminal executive legislation. Methodology. In preparing the article, certain general scientific and special-scientific methods of cognition were used, in particular: historical, philosophical and legal, comparative, systemic, functional, generalization. Scientific novelty. As a result of an empirical study of the correction and resocialization of prisoners sentenced to imprisonment in the system of means of fulfilling the tasks of criminal executive legislation, the author’s interpretation of the concept of «resocialization of prisoners to imprisonment» is given, according to which this is a process of positive changes in the personality of a convict as a result of the application of legal, organizational, pedagogical, psychological, educational and other measures of influence in order to eliminate the negative value orientations of convicts, the consequences of their isolation, consolidation of the results of correction, rendering assistance to them after serving their sentence and promoting their adaptation in the social environment. It has been proven that when determining the type of institutions for the execution of punishments, the criterion of openness / closeness of these institutions is advisable to apply only in institutions of execution of punishment in the form of imprisonment. The above conclusions deepen knowledge about the object of research, contribute to the study of the process of execution and serving of sentences by convicts. Conclusions. The criminal executive legislation of Ukraine regulates the procedure and conditions for the execution and serving of criminal sentences in order to protect the interests of the individual, society and the state by directing efforts to correct and re-socialize convicts, prevent the commission of new criminal offenses by both convicted persons and other persons, as well as prevent torture and inhuman or degrading treatment of convicts. The state respects and protects the rights, freedoms and legal interests of convicts, provides the necessary conditions for their correction and resocialization, social and legal protection and their personal security. The main tasks of the resocialization of convicts can be considered the restoration and expansion of their socially useful ties and relations with society, the development of an integral personality capable of an objective attitude both to the world around them and to oneself; change in the orientation of the personality; creation of a system of moral, ideological, legal convictions in accordance with the norms and values accepted in society; the formation of persons serving a sentence, the ability to stable, independent, law-abiding behavior after serving a sentence.

Keywords: resocialization; regime of execution of punishment; imprisonment; sentenced to imprisonment; correctional colony; legal status; institutions of execution of punishments.