Socio-Psychological Causes of Gender Differences in Corruption Perception
Abstract
The purpose of the article is to study the socio-psychological causes of gender differences in the perception of corruption for further use of the results obtained in the prevention of corruption offenses. The article uses a set of scientific methods, namely: comparative law, system-structural, formal-logical. The theoretical basis of the study is constituted by the works of scientists from different countries. The scientific novelty of the article is that it highlights views on gender differences in attitudes to corruption in Ukraine and other countries, reveals ambiguous patterns in this field, and formulates recommendations for their consideration in improving the mechanism for combating corruption offenses. Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions have been drawn that the difference in attitudes towards corruption between men and women is likely to be caused by the following factors: 1) a larger share of men in public authorities and other positions where corruption offenses can be committed; 2) the social role of women in the family and society; 3) different perceptions and understandings of corrupt behavior by women compared to men (they are less aware of corruption, less able to identify its manifestations in everyday life); 4) women have higher ethical or moral standards (although some studies that refute this hypothesis); 5) women are less inclined to take a risk, which is usually associated with corruption offenses. Once in relevant policy positions, gender differences in women’s attitudes toward corruption are likely to be equated with men’s attitudes toward corruption. This can be explained in particular by the fact that women find themselves in an environment where there are certain norms that they are obviously forced to follow. Therefore, the proportion of women who do not approve corruption, as well as their attitudes towards corruption, are changing due to the fact that they will be forced to enter into corrupt relationships. Without this, in some cases, they will not be able to occupy a certain position, will not have a career, will not be able to effectively perform their functions in a certain position.
Keywords: gender; sex; gender inequality; corruption; corruption criminal offense.
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