Organized forms of fraud in the system of modern crime in Ukraine

Abstract

The basic forms of fraud committed by organized groups are analyzed in the article. Today, most fraud committed by groups stable in sence of internal and external relations. This is logical given that the success of fraud largely depends on the length of criminal activity, cohesion and professionalism of the group. According to judicial practice, the formation of organized groups which commit fraud occurs in two ways: a) some organized criminal groups are not immediately but after committing one or more crimes for which their members have not been put to a coutr. But over time, they have a repeated intent to commit crimes; b) the intention of the group was to multiple crimes. Such a group is created with the purpose of committing fraud constantly. Its members at the very beginning of the activity plan understood, they would commit such crimes. The number of groups depends on the methods and scope of crimes: the more time-consuming, technically challenging and lucrative scam is, the higher the possibility of transformation of organized criminal groups in the organization is. Specialization of fraudulent groups involves their concentration in any special way, means or the field of criminal acts and requires mastering special theoretical knowledge, practical skills and abilities. Unlike other types of crime, organized fraud groups are actively expanded and improved. A distinctive feature of the fraud is that the foundation is based on multiple factors. The analysis revealed a strong tendency of economization of organized fraud. It applies a gradual failure transfer of criminal groups from the traditional methods of theft to more ‟intelligent” and difficult organized fraud schemes in the business and other economic activities; increasing the degree of organization of criminal groups; concentration of criminal activity in the most profitable and attractive investment sectors of the economy in order to obtain profits.