The Discourse of Contemporary Information Warfare as a Component of Media Literacy Development
Abstract
Abstract. In today’s world, the information space has become a key aspect of geopolitical confrontation, where linguistic tools and cognitive technologies serve as strategic weapons. The Russian-Ukrainian war has highlighted an urgent need to analyze the discourse of aggression, as manipulative strategies directly impact national security and social stability. Developing media literacy through an understanding of the mechanisms of information influence is critically important for protecting public consciousness from destructive interference. The genesis and evolution of information wars are examined, ranging from primitive means of psychological pressure in ancient times to high-tech operations of the digital age. The paper analyzes the linguo-cognitive parameters of contemporary discourse of aggression, which are based on the use of specific linguistic codes, manipulative techniques, and disinformation. Particular attention is paid to the functioning of social networks as the primary platform for the dissemination of fake news, trolling, and hate speech. The theoretical approaches of leading scholars to the definition of “information weapons” are examined, and their main forms are classified: from command-and-control to psychological and cyber warfare. It has been established that the key distinguishing feature of information warfare is its ability to influence decision-making without causing visible physical damage, which often leads to a delayed response from the target. It has been established that the aggressor uses «psychoviruses» and emotional manipulation (fear, panic) to suppress an individual’s analytical thinking. Mechanisms for creating “mass communication myths” have been identified, which serve as tools for social mobilization or demoralization. The essence of the concept of “information expansion” has also been clarified as a comprehensive technology involving both public and private institutions to achieve geopolitical goals through systematic propaganda. The conclusion is drawn that effective counteraction to modern threats is possible only through comprehensive reform of legislation in the field of information security and the active implementation of media literacy programs. Control over the public’s consciousness becomes the aggressor’s primary goal; therefore, the development of critical thinking and the intellectual potential of citizens is a fundamental element of protecting state sovereignty. It is emphasized that media literacy must transform from an optional skill into a fundamental component of national security in the information sphere.
Keywords: information warfare; manipulation; disinformation; discourse of aggression; media literacy; linguo-cognitive parameters; information security; social networks.
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